This in vitro studies were performed to clarify the effect of explant size of shoot apex and trimming of shoots on the formation of multiple shoots and bulbing of regenerated shoots through the culture of shoot apex of garlic (Allium sativum L.) local cultivars: Danyang, Euisung, and Shusan. The culture medium used in this experiments were Murashige-Skoog and B5 medium with the addition of 1.0㎎/ℓ 2iP or 1.0㎎/ℓ IAA.
When cultured apical meristem, survival rate of explants was low 16% and shoot formation among survivals proceeded very slowly, whereas those of shoot apex attached one pair or one leaf primordia was a little high as above 40% and produced plantlets in unsupplemented media. Survival rate was increased by supplement of 2iP or IAA in the culture medium. Especially, the effect was more enhanced by 2iP than IAA.
Survival rate explant, multiple shoot growth were favored in the Shusan and Euisung compared with Danyang local cultivar.
Repeated trimmings of in vitro shoots to within 3 to 4mm from shoot base were evidently effective to prevent senescence, and also to promote the formation of multiple shoots per explant and bulbing.
Explants from floral stem seem segments which had developed the first node (part of first expanded leaf from base) did from shoots, whereas shoot were readily produced on explants from immature floral stems within the bulb.
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